With high blood pressure, a fatal pathology of the cardiovascular system develops. Characteristic jumps are dangerous to health, and in the absence of timely therapy, doctors do not rule out a hypertensive crisis. 30% of all patients face such a problem, and the symptoms are constantly being updated.
What is hypertension
Hypertension is an independent disease in which blood pressure is disturbed. If previously only adult patients suffered from a characteristic disease, now modern young people are also at risk. Hypertension without timely treatment can cause disability, leading to the death of a person.
When measuring the outlet pressure, a dual indicator is obtained. When you decipher it, you can get a real clinical picture. The first value characterizes the systolic (upper) pressure, which corresponds to the force of contraction of the heart walls. The second is diastolic (low), demonstrating pathogenesis during myocardial relaxation. Hypertension can be diagnosed at home using a classic tonometer, but requires clarification in a hospital setting.
Diplomat
The pathological process attacks gradually, the symptoms increase invisibly, scare with their intensity and cause other heart problems. In the body, hypertension manifests itself in one of three degrees - what it is, the cardiologist will tell you. The conditional classification of a characteristic disease with brief features is presented below:
- The first level is elementary. The increase in blood pressure is insignificant, limited to 139-159 / 90-99 mm Hg. Art. At first, the symptoms appear suddenly, then disappear invisibly. The pathology can still be cured.
- The second degree is moderate. Possible deviations from the norm remain within 160-180 / 100-110 mm Hg. Art. , while it is almost impossible to stabilize this indicator. The risk of a hypertensive crisis increases.
- The third degree is pronounced. Deviations from the norm are frightening in their scale, approaching 180 and above / 111 mm Hg. Art. If hypertension is manifested in this way, the degree of the pathological process leads to a violation of cardiac activity.
kind
This disease has several conditional classifications that help the specialist characterize the clinical picture as accurately as possible, make an adequate diagnosis, and select the most effective treatment for the timely relief of anxiety symptoms. All existing types of hypertension are briefly described below:
- according to etiology: hypertension of primary and secondary forms;
- symptomatic (secondary) hypertension: drug, endocrine, hemodynamic, renal, neurogenic;
- from complications: hypertensive crisis, malignant or labile hypertension.
Causes of hypertension
To ensure a long remission period, it is important to study the etiology of the pathological process. The main causes of hypertension are impaired blood circulation through the vessels, limited flow to the left ventricle of the heart. In modern medicine, there is a completely logical explanation for this - structural changes in blood vessels with age, the formation of blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques in their cavities.
In men
Women are more prone to a characteristic disease, but it can also progress to the male body. The main causes of hypertension in men are presented below, but experts strongly recommend avoiding such provocative factors and eliminating them from your life in a timely manner. This is:
- stressful situations;
- genetic predisposition;
- bad habits;
- previously suffered injuries associated with a violation of the circulatory system;
- age-related changes in blood vessels, loss of elasticity;
- alcoholism;
- tendency or presence of one of the forms of obesity.
Among women
If hypertension progresses in the female body - what it is, you can find out at the meeting with the local therapist, a very specialized specialist. The diagnosis is uncomfortable, difficult to treat effectively. To avoid complications in a timely manner, it is important to know the root causes of hypertension in women. This is:
- severe emotional shock, crisis, prolonged stress;
- mbipesha, mbipesha;
- disturbed hormonal background;
- condition before menopause;
- increase in blood cholesterol;
- the elderly age of the patient.
Signs of hypertension
Knowing what hypertension is, the patient must respond in a timely manner to changes in the general characteristic condition of the disease. Differentiation of hypertension is not easy, it is the task of the doctor, so it is important not to delay the diagnosis. There is instability of blood pressure, subject to external stimuli. Other signs of hypertension depend on the gender of the potential cardiologist patient.
Among women
Representatives of the weaker sex react harshly to the smallest changes in health, so it is easier for them to recognize the appearance of a problem in their body. The disease can overwhelm the patient in an "interesting position". The main signs of hypertension in women are:
- spontaneous headaches at different times of the day;
- decreased vision, loss of sharpness with sharp body and head curves;
- swelling of the lower extremities;
- excessive irritability;
- swelling of the face in the morning.
In men
At first, patients do not feel changes in their overall well-being and minor illnesses refer to increased physical activity, excessive fatigue, or an environmental factor. Over time, the symptoms of hypertension in men become more pronounced, suggesting progressive heart failure. This is:
- reduced potency, sex problems;
- decrease in concentration;
- increased shortness of breath;
- depressive state;
- butterfly syndrome before the eyes with sudden movements.
Treatment
Knowing who the hypertensive patients are, we can say with certainty that these people need to "sit" on pills throughout their lives in order to maintain their overall health at the "satisfactory" point. There is no way to completely cure the disease, but it is quite possible to treat it. If you are interested in how to treat hypertension, the features of the conservative method are presented below. Required:
- Perform all the necessary tests to determine the stage and form of the disease.
- Get rid of bad habits, go on a therapeutic diet.
- Take antihypertensive drugs regularly;
- Eliminate the risk of complications with regular examination by a specialist, folk remedies.
How to treat hypertension without medication
If there is no desire to take an antihypertensive agent and the attitude towards medication is severely negative, what to do with hypertension? Doctors recommend that you go out more often, take multivitamin complexes with iron content to maintain systemic circulation, give up bad habits and choose effective cardio exercises. Do not lead an isolated lifestyle. However, in the recovery phase, you still need to take hypertensive medication in order to avoid the risk of complications during myocardial work.
Diet for hypertension and heart disease
Therapeutic diet eliminates salt consumption, aims to control the body's water balance. If hypertension is diagnosed - what exactly it is, how to treat it, the cardiologist will tell you. For example, a diet for hypertension and heart disease envisages the following restrictions on the patient's usual diet. The following foods are considered prohibited:
- caffeinated beverages;
- sharpness, pickle, smoked meat;
- underwear;
- alcohol;
- fatty meals.
If this is chronic hypertension - what is it in terms of nutrition? Allowed:
- lean meats;
- unsalted cereals;
- dairy products.